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JAXB学习三 (验证)

 
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一个完整个对象-模型映射,一定少不了对验证的支持。

 

jaxb当然也支持验证,分为两个部分:marshall和unmarshall。

 

一、unmarshall端

unmarshall是从xml到java对象的过程,因此验证的是这个xml文件是不是有效的,要在unmarshall端使用验证非常简单:

		Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
		unmarshaller.setSchema(SchemaFactory.newInstance(
				XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI).newSchema(
				new File("students.xsd")));

 

从jaxb2.0开始,通过调用方法setSchema()的方式来指定验证,在2.0以前的版本里,通过调用setValidating()方法来指定验证:

unmarshaller.setValidating(true)

 

验证信息可以是一个schema文件,也可以是一个dtd文件(如果支持的话),要使用dtd的验证,则代码大致为:

		Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
		unmarshaller.setSchema(SchemaFactory.newInstance(
				XMLConstants.RELAXNG_NS_URI).newSchema(
				new File("students.dtd")));

一旦设置了验证信息,在进行unmarshell的时候,jaxb就会对读入的xml文件进行验证,例如有schema文件:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:tns="http://www.liulutu.com/students/"
	targetNamespace="http://www.liulutu.com/students/">
	<element name="students">
		<complexType>
			<sequence>
				<element name="student" type="tns:StudentType" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
			</sequence>
		</complexType>
	</element>
	<simpleType name="SexType">
		<restriction base="string">
			<enumeration value="Male"></enumeration>
			<enumeration value="Female"></enumeration>
		</restriction>
	</simpleType>

	<complexType name="StudentType">
		<attribute name="sex" type="tns:SexType"></attribute>
		<attribute name="name" type="string"></attribute>
	</complexType>
</schema>

 

和符合这个schema的一个xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<ns2:students xmlns:ns2="http://www.liulutu.com/students/">
</ns2:students>

 

如果指定了需要验证,当根据上面的schema读入些xml时,就会抛出一个验证失败异常:

[org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.b: The content of element 'ns2:students' is not complete. One of '{student}' is expected.]
	at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.createUnmarshalException(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.createUnmarshalException(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal0(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
	at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
	at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
	at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
	at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)

注:需要在unmarshall.unmarshall()方法调用之前设置验证信息。

二、marshall端

jaxb2.0中,marshall和unmarshall的验证设置是一样的:

		ObjectFactory factory = new ObjectFactory();
		Students students = factory.createStudents();
		Marshaller marshaller = jaxbContext.createMarshaller();
		marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);
		marshaller.setSchema(SchemaFactory.newInstance(
				XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI).newSchema(
				new File("students.xsd")));
		marshaller.marshal(students, new File("a.xml"));

 

和上面一样,会得到一个异常信息:

[org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.b: The content of element 'ns2:students' is not complete. One of '{student}' is expected.]
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl.write(Unknown Source)
	at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl.marshal(Unknown Source)
	at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractMarshallerImpl.marshal(Unknown Source)

 

如果使用jaxb2.0之前的版本,则验证方式如下:

		Validator validator = jaxbContext.createValidator();
		validator.validate(students);

 

 

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1 楼 dengmiao 2017-03-30  
                    

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